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Document and Entity Information - shares	9 Months Ended
Document and Entity Information - shares	Oct. 31, 2019	Nov. 30, 2019
Cover [Abstract]
Document Type	10-Q
Amendment Flag	false
Document Period End Date	Oct. 31, 2019
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2020
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q3
Trading Symbol	OOMA
Entity Registrant Name	Ooma Inc
Entity Central Index Key	0001327688
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--01-31
Entity Filer Category	Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	true
Entity Ex Transition Period	true
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		21,400,000
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity File Number	001-37493
Entity Tax Identification Number	06-1713274
Entity Address, Address Line One	525 Almanor Avenue
Entity Address, Address Line Two	Suite 200
Entity Address, City or Town	Sunnyvale
Entity Address, State or Province	CA
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	94085
City Area Code	650
Local Phone Number	566-6600
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock, par value $0.0001
Security Exchange Name	NYSE
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Transition Report	false
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Oct. 31, 2019	Jan. 31, 2019
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 11,688	$ 15,370
Short-term investments	15,786	27,253
Accounts receivable, net	5,015	3,723
Inventories	9,484	10,117
Other current assets	8,482	5,450
Total current assets	50,455	61,913
Property and equipment, net	4,977	4,563
Operating lease right-of-use assets	4,341
Intangible assets, net	7,149	2,635
Goodwill	4,264	3,898
Other assets	7,539	5,379
Total assets	78,725	78,388
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	10,415	10,231
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	21,716	19,048
Deferred revenue	16,005	15,443
Total current liabilities	48,136	44,722
Long-term operating lease liabilities	2,892
Other liabilities	269	619
Total liabilities	51,297	45,341
Commitments and contingencies (Note 11)
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock $0.0001 par value: 10 million shares authorized; none issued and outstanding
Common stock $0.0001 par value: 100 million shares authorized; 21.4 million and 20.3 million shares issued and outstanding, respectively	4	4
Additional paid-in capital	149,712	138,848
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	14	(10)
Accumulated deficit	(122,302)	(105,795)
Total stockholders’ equity	27,428	33,047
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$ 78,725	$ 78,388

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) (Unaudited) - $ / shares	Oct. 31, 2019	Jan. 31, 2019
Statement Of Financial Position [Abstract]
Preferred stock, par value	$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Preferred stock, shares authorized	10,000,000	10,000,000
Preferred stock, shares issued	0	0
Preferred stock, shares outstanding	0	0
Common stock, par value	$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Common stock, shares authorized	100,000,000	100,000,000
Common stock, shares issued	21,400,000	20,300,000
Common stock, shares outstanding	21,400,000	20,300,000

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2019	Oct. 31, 2018	Oct. 31, 2019	Oct. 31, 2018
Revenue:
Total revenue	$ 39,595	$ 32,608	$ 110,945	$ 94,511
Cost of revenue:
Total cost of revenue	17,555	12,535	46,152	37,727
Gross profit	22,040	20,073	64,793	56,784
Operating expenses:
Sales and marketing	13,205	10,755	37,498	30,149
Research and development	10,639	8,593	29,118	25,558
General and administrative	5,136	4,589	15,416	13,036
Total operating expenses	28,980	23,937	82,032	68,743
Loss from operations	(6,940)	(3,864)	(17,239)	(11,959)
Interest and other income, net	128	224	666	599
Loss before income taxes	(6,812)	(3,640)	(16,573)	(11,360)
Income tax benefit	28	146	66	277
Net loss	$ (6,784)	$ (3,494)	$ (16,507)	$ (11,083)
Net loss per share of common stock:
Basic and diluted	$ (0.32)	$ (0.18)	$ (0.79)	$ (0.56)
Weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding:
Basic and diluted	21,274,285	19,962,735	20,872,253	19,655,727
Subscription and services
Revenue:
Total revenue	$ 36,489	$ 29,794	$ 102,070	$ 85,532
Cost of revenue:
Total cost of revenue	11,093	8,796	32,117	26,388
Product and other
Revenue:
Total revenue	3,106	2,814	8,875	8,979
Cost of revenue:
Total cost of revenue	$ 6,462	$ 3,739	$ 14,035	$ 11,339

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2019	Oct. 31, 2018
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	$ (16,507)	$ (11,083)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Stock-based compensation expense	9,647	7,734
Depreciation and amortization of capital expenditures	1,976	1,717
Amortization of acquired intangible assets	900	540
Non-cash restructuring charges	1,603
Non-cash operating lease expense	1,365
Other	(79)	(613)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable, net	(289)	(207)
Inventories and deferred inventory costs	(644)	(1,693)
Prepaid expenses and other assets	(3,645)	(2,822)
Accounts payable and other liabilities	(1,438)	4,164
Deferred revenue	329	458
Net cash used in operating activities	(6,782)	(1,805)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of short-term investments	(31,236)	(26,709)
Proceeds from maturities and sales of short-term investments	42,996	40,762
Capital expenditures	(2,384)	(1,438)
Business acquisition, net of cash assumed	(7,073)	(2,402)
Net cash provided by investing activities	2,303	10,213
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from issuance of common stock	2,740	2,763
Payment of acquisition-related holdback	(420)
Net cash provided by financing activities	797	465
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents	(3,682)	8,873
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	15,370	4,483
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	11,688	13,356
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Shares repurchased for tax withholdings on vesting of restricted stock units ("RSU")	$ (1,523)	$ (2,298)

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (Unaudited) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands

Total

Common stock and APIC

^[1]

AOCI

^[2]

Accumulated Deficit

BALANCE at Jan. 31, 2018

$ 37,068

$ 128,083

$ (84)

$ (90,931)

Issuance of common stock under equity-based plans

1,205

Shares repurchased for tax withholdings on RSU vesting

(759)

Issuance of common stock for business acquisition

390

Stock-based compensation

2,314

Changes in comprehensive income (loss)

(1)

Cumulative adjustment upon adoption of Topic 606

(292)

Net loss

(3,685)

BALANCE at Apr. 30, 2018

36,240

131,233

(85)

(94,908)

BALANCE at Jan. 31, 2018

37,068

128,083

(84)

(90,931)

Net loss

(11,083)

BALANCE at Oct. 31, 2018

34,381

136,721

(34)

(102,306)

BALANCE at Apr. 30, 2018

36,240

131,233

(85)

(94,908)

Issuance of common stock under equity-based plans

488

Shares repurchased for tax withholdings on RSU vesting

(441)

Stock-based compensation

2,762

Changes in comprehensive income (loss)

Net loss

(3,904)

BALANCE at Jul. 31, 2018

35,181

134,042

(49)

(98,812)

Issuance of common stock under equity-based plans

1,118

Shares repurchased for tax withholdings on RSU vesting

(1,097)

Stock-based compensation

2,658

Changes in comprehensive income (loss)

Net loss

(3,494)

BALANCE at Oct. 31, 2018

34,381

136,721

(34)

(102,306)

BALANCE at Jan. 31, 2019

33,047

138,852

(10)

(105,795)

Issuance of common stock under equity-based plans

1,454

Shares repurchased for tax withholdings on RSU vesting

(730)

Stock-based compensation

2,982

Changes in comprehensive income (loss)

Net loss

(4,740)

BALANCE at Apr. 30, 2019

32,024

142,558

(110,535)

BALANCE at Jan. 31, 2019

33,047

138,852

(10)

(105,795)

Net loss

(16,507)

BALANCE at Oct. 31, 2019

27,428

149,716

(122,302)

BALANCE at Apr. 30, 2019

32,024

142,558

(110,535)

Issuance of common stock under equity-based plans

354

Stock-based compensation

3,411

Changes in comprehensive income (loss)

Net loss

(4,983)

BALANCE at Jul. 31, 2019

30,811

146,323

(115,518)

Issuance of common stock under equity-based plans

932

Shares repurchased for tax withholdings on RSU vesting

(793)

Stock-based compensation

3,254

Changes in comprehensive income (loss)

Net loss

(6,784)

BALANCE at Oct. 31, 2019

$ 27,428

$ 149,716

$ 14

$ (122,302)

[1]	Additional paid-in capital
[2]	Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)

- Definition

The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.

+ References + Details

Overview and Basis of Presentation

9 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2019

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Overview and Basis of Presentation

Note 1: Overview and Basis of Presentation

Ooma, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries (collectively, “Ooma” or the “Company”) create new communications experiences for businesses and consumers, delivered from its smart cloud-based SaaS platform. The Company was founded in 2003 and is headquartered in Sunnyvale, California.

The Company’s fiscal year ends on January 31. References to fiscal 2020 and fiscal 2019 refer to the fiscal year ending January 31, 2020 and the fiscal year ended January 31, 2019, respectively.

The Company refers to its Ooma Office, Ooma Enterprise and Broadsmart offerings collectively as Ooma Business. The Company refers to its Ooma Telo basic and premier services and Smart Security solutions as Ooma Residential.

Principles of Presentation and Consolidation

These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) and applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) regarding interim financial reporting. Certain information and note disclosures normally included in the financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. Therefore, the information included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended January 31, 2019 (“Annual Report”).

These financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the Company’s annual financial statements and, in the opinion of management, reflect all normal recurring adjustments necessary to present fairly the Company’s financial position, its results of operations, and cash flows for the interim periods presented, but are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations to be anticipated for the full fiscal year ending January 31, 2020. The condensed consolidated balance sheet as of January 31, 2019 included herein was derived from the audited financial statements as of that date.

The condensed consolidated financial statements include accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated upon consolidation.

Use of Estimates. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto. Significant estimates include, but are not limited to, those related to revenue recognition, inventory valuation, valuation of goodwill and intangible assets, deferred sales commissions, operating lease assets and liabilities, regulatory fees and indirect tax accruals, loss contingencies, stock-based compensation, income taxes (including valuation allowances) and fair value measurements. Estimates are based on historical experience, where applicable, and other assumptions believed to be reasonable by management. These estimates are based on information available as of the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements, and assumptions are inherently subjective in nature. Therefore, actual results could differ from management’s estimates.

Comprehensive Loss. For all periods presented, comprehensive loss approximated net loss in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and differences were not material. Therefore, the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive loss have been omitted.

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

Leases. On February 1, 2019, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) which superseded the guidance in Topic 840 and required the Company to recognize operating leased assets and corresponding liabilities on the balance sheet and to provide enhanced disclosures. The Company adopted Topic 842 using the modified retrospective transition method by applying the new standard to all leases existing at the date of initial adoption and not restating comparative periods. The Company elected the package of practical expedients, which among other things, allowed it to carry forward its historical lease classification and its assessment of whether any existing leases as of the date of adoption are or contain leases.

Adoption on February 1, 2019 resulted in the recognition of $4.1 million of operating right-of-use “ROU” assets and $4.3 million of operating lease liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheet, with no adjustment to accumulated deficit. The difference of $0.2 million represented deferred rent for leases that existed as of the date of adoption, which was an offset to the opening balance of ROU assets.

Adoption of the new standard did not materially impact the Company’s consolidated statements of operations, consolidated statements of stockholders’ equity and consolidated statements of cash flows. The Company has implemented policies, processes and controls to support the standard's measurement and disclosure requirements. See Significant Accounting Policies – Leases below and Note 6: Operating Leases.

Stock-based compensation. The Company adopted ASU 2018-07, Compensation – Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting in the first quarter of fiscal 2020, which expanded the scope of Topic 718 to include and simplify financial reporting for non-employee stock-based payments. Under the amended standard, most of the guidance on stock compensation for non-employees became aligned with the requirements for employees. The adoption of this ASU did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

Significant Accounting Policies – Leases

Under Topic 842, the Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception. The Company’s leases primarily consist of real property and are classified as operating leases. The Company does not have any finance leases nor material arrangements as a lessor. ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date based upon the present value of the remaining lease payments over the lease term. The Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. Lease terms may include options to renew or extend when it is reasonably certain that the option will be exercised. Lease agreements that contain both lease and non-lease components are accounted for as a single component. Short-term leases with an initial term of twelve months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet.

Revenue and Deferred Revenue

9 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2019

Revenue From Contract With Customer [Abstract]

Revenue and Deferred Revenue

Note 2: Revenue and Deferred Revenue

The Company’s revenue for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2019 and 2018 are presented in accordance with the provisions under Topic 606. The Company derives its revenue from two sources:

Subscription and Services Revenue is derived primarily from recurring subscription fees related to service plans such as Ooma Business, Ooma Residential and other communications services. Subscription revenue is generally recognized ratably over the contractual service term.

Product and Other Revenue is generated from the sale of on-premise appliances and end-point devices, including shipping and handling fees for customers, and to a lesser extent from porting fees that enable customers to transfer their existing phone numbers. Revenue is recognized at the point in time that control transfers which is typically when the product is delivered or when all customer contractual provisions have been met, if any.

Refer to the Company’s Annual Report for additional information regarding its revenue recognition policy.

Revenue disaggregated by revenue source consisted of the following (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	October 31, 2019		October 31, 2018		October 31, 2019		October 31, 2018
Subscription and services revenue	$	36,489	$	29,794	$	102,070	$	85,532
Product and other revenue		3,106		2,814		8,875		8,979
Total revenue	$	39,595	$	32,608	$	110,945	$	94,511

The Company derived approximately 55% and 67% of its total revenue from Ooma Residential and approximately 42% and 30% from Ooma Business for the three months ended October 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The Company derived approximately 59% and 69% of its total revenue from Ooma Residential and approximately 38% and 27% from Ooma Business for the nine months ended October 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

No individual country outside of the United States represented 10% or more of total revenue for the periods presented. No single customer accounted for 10% or more of total revenue for the periods presented.

Customers who represented 10% or more of the Company's net accounts receivable balance were as follows:

	As of
	October 31, 2019			January 31, 2019
Customer A		16	%		—
Customer B		—			15	%

Deferred Revenue. Deferred revenue primarily consists of billings or payments received in advance of meeting revenue recognition criteria. Deferred services revenue is recognized on a ratable basis over the term of the contract as the services are provided. For all arrangements, any revenue that has been deferred and is expected to be recognized beyond one year is classified in long term liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Deferred revenue consisted of the following (in thousands):

	As of
	October 31, 2019		January 31, 2019
Subscription and services	$	16,112	$	15,682
Product and other		83		68
Total deferred revenue		16,195		15,750
Less: current deferred revenue		16,005		15,443
Non-current deferred revenue included in other long-term liabilities	$	190	$	307

During the three and nine months ended October 31, 2019, the Company recognized revenue of approximately $2.3 million and $14.1 million, respectively, that was included in the corresponding deferred revenue balance as of January 31, 2019.

Remaining Performance Obligations. As of October 31, 2019, contract revenue that has not yet been recognized for open contracts with an original expected length of greater than one year was $0.2 million. This amount includes both long-term deferred revenue and any non-cancelable contract amounts that will be invoiced and recognized as revenue in future periods.

Fair Value Measurements

9 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2019

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value Measurements

Note 3: Fair Value Measurements

The Company records its financial assets and liabilities at fair value. The Company estimates and categorizes fair value by applying the following hierarchy:

Level 1:

Quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.

Level 2:

Observable prices based on inputs not quoted in active markets, but are corroborated by market data.

Level 3:

Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity.

The Company’s financial assets that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis by level within the fair value hierarchy were as follows (in thousands):

	Balance as of October 31, 2019						Balance as of January 31, 2019
	Level 1		Level 2		Total		Level 1		Level 2		Total
Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	5,832	$	—	$	5,832	$	5,951	$	—	$	5,951
Commercial paper		—		499		499		—		5,429		5,429
Total cash equivalents	$	5,832	$	499	$	6,331	$	5,951	$	5,429	$	11,380
Cash						5,357						3,990
Total cash and cash equivalents					$	11,688					$	15,370

Short-term investments:
U.S. treasury securities	$	4,477	$	—	$	4,477	$	11,088	$	—	$	11,088
Corporate debt securities		—		3,503		3,503		—		4,735		4,735
Commercial paper		894		5,557		6,451		—		8,253		8,253
U.S. agency securities		—		—		—		—		990		990
Asset-backed securities		—		1,355		1,355		—		2,187		2,187
Total short-term investments	$	5,371	$	10,415	$	15,786	$	11,088	$	16,165	$	27,253

The Company classifies its cash equivalents and short-term investments within Level 1 or Level 2 because it uses quoted market prices or alternative pricing sources and models utilizing market observable inputs to determine their fair value. The amortized cost of cash equivalents and short-term investments approximated their fair value and there were no material realized or unrealized gains or losses, either individually or in the aggregate, and no other-than-temporary impairments. As of October 31, 2019 and January 31, 2019, the Company had no material Level 3 assets or liabilities and there have been no transfers between levels.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

+ References + Details

Balance Sheet Components

9 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2019

Balance Sheet Components [Abstract]

Balance Sheet Components

Note 4: Balance Sheet Components

The following sections and tables provide details of selected balance sheet items (in thousands):

Inventories

	As of
	October 31, 2019		January 31, 2019
Finished goods	$	6,523	$	7,567
Raw materials		2,961		2,550
Total inventory	$	9,484	$	10,117

Other assets

	As of
	October 31, 2019		January 31, 2019
Prepaid expenses	$	2,281	$	2,681
Deferred sales commissions, current		2,146		1,081
Convertible note receivable ⁽¹⁾		1,417		—
Deferred inventory costs		802		334
Other current assets		1,836		1,354
Total other current assets	$	8,482	$	5,450

Deferred sales commissions, non-current	$	6,351	$	3,387
Convertible note receivable ⁽¹⁾		—		1,315
Other non-current assets		1,188		677
Total other non-current assets	$	7,539	$	5,379

⁽¹⁾Convertible note receivable from Global Telecomm Corporation was reclassified from non-current assets to current assets as of July 31, 2019.

Customer Acquisition Costs. The Company capitalizes a significant portion of its sales commission costs as an incremental cost of obtaining customer contracts and amortizes to sales and marketing expense over an expected benefit period of five years. Amortization expense for deferred sales commissions was $0.6 million and $0.2 million for the three months ended October 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $1.4 million and $0.4 million for the nine months ended October 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. To date, there have been no impairment losses related to the costs capitalized.

Global Telecomm Corporation (“GTC”). In December 2018, the Company invested $1.3 million in cash to Global Telecomm Corporation, a small privately-held technology company, in exchange for an 18-month convertible promissory note, bearing interest at 10% annually, that will convert to shares of GTC common or preferred stock upon the occurrence of certain future events. The Company has partnered with GTC on certain research and development and inventory procurement activities. GTC is considered a variable interest entity (“VIE”) for accounting purposes. However, the Company is not required to consolidate GTC into its financial statements because the Company is not the primary beneficiary. As of October 31, 2019 and January 31, 2019, the Company’s maximum exposure to loss was equal to the carrying value of its convertible note receivable, including accrued interest. For all periods presented, the Company held no other variable interests in VIEs.

As a result of the Company’s investment, GTC is a related party of Ooma. During the three and nine months ended October 31, 2019, the Company procured certain raw material inventories from GTC that amounted to approximately $0.5 million and $0.9 million, respectively. As of October 31, 2019 and January 31, 2019, the Company recorded prepaid inventory deposits to GTC of $0.5 million and zero, respectively, included in other current assets on the condensed consolidated balance sheet. As of October 31, 2019 and January 31, 2019, the Company’s non-cancelable purchase commitments with GTC were $2.2 million and zero, respectively.

Accrued expenses

	As of
	October 31, 2019		January 31, 2019
Payroll and related expenses	$	8,259	$	7,926
Regulatory fees and taxes		4,510		5,645
Short-term operating lease liabilities ⁽¹⁾		1,629		—
Customer sales incentives		1,507		970
Other		5,811		4,507
Total accrued expenses	$	21,716	$	19,048

⁽¹⁾The Company adopted Topic 842, the new accounting standard for leasing arrangements on February 1, 2019. See Note 6: Operating Leases below.

Acquired Intangible Assets and Goodwill

9 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2019

Intangible Assets Net Excluding Goodwill [Abstract]

Acquired Intangible Assets and Goodwill

Note 5: Acquired Intangible Assets and Goodwill

The carrying amount of goodwill was $4.3 million and $3.9 million as of October 31, 2019 and January 31, 2019, respectively. The Company recognized intangibles of $6.1 million and goodwill of $0.4 million in connection with the acquisition of Broadsmart in May 2019. See Note 12: Business Acquisitions below. There was no change to goodwill subsequent to this acquisition.

The gross value, accumulated amortization and carrying values of intangible assets were as follows (in thousands):

	As of October 31, 2019							As of January 31, 2019
	Gross Value		Accumulated Amortization			Carrying Value		Gross Value		Accumulated Amortization			Carrying Value
Customer relationships	$	6,735	$	(640	)	$	6,095	$	902	$	(157	)	$	745
Developed technology		2,122		(1,451	)		671		2,716		(1,121	)		1,595
Trade names		625		(247	)		378		451		(166	)		285
Patents and licenses		714		(709	)		5		714		(704	)		10
Total intangible assets	$	10,196	$	(3,047	)	$	7,149	$	4,783	$	(2,148	)	$	2,635

In the third quarter of fiscal 2020, the Company recorded impairment charges of $0.7 million to cost of product revenue for abandoned developed technology and trade names associated with the Ooma Smart Cam (acquired through the Company’s fiscal 2018 acquisition of Butterfleye, Inc.) See Note 13: Restructuring Charges below. Amortization expense was $0.9 million and $0.5 million for the nine months ended October 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

At October 31, 2019, the estimated future amortization expense for intangible assets was as follows (in thousands):

Fiscal Years Ending January 31,	Total
2020 - remainder of fiscal year	$	328
2021		1,308
2022		1,305
2023		1,305
2024		940
2025 and thereafter		1,963
Total	$	7,149

Operating Leases

9 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2019

Leases [Abstract]

Operating Leases

Note 6: Operating Leases

The Company leases its headquarters located in Sunnyvale, California, as well as office and data center space in various locations under non-cancelable operating lease agreements, with expiration dates between fiscal years 2020 and 2024. The lease agreements often include escalating rent payments, renewal provisions and other provisions which require the Company to pay maintenance costs, property taxes and insurance. The lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants.

Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases was as follows (in thousands):

	As of
	October 31, 2019
Assets
Operating lease ROU assets	$	4,341
Total leased assets	$	4,341

Liabilities
Short-term operating lease liabilities	$	1,629
Long-term operating lease liabilities		2,892
Total lease liabilities	$	4,521

Weighted-average remaining lease term	3.2 years
Weighted-average discount rate		5.75	%

Operating lease ROU assets and long-term operating lease liabilities are included on the face of the condensed consolidated balance sheet. Short-term operating lease liabilities are presented within accrued expenses and other current liabilities.

The components of lease expense were as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended		Nine Months Ended
	October 31, 2019		October 31, 2019
Operating lease costs ⁽¹⁾	$	684	$	1,898
Variable lease costs ⁽²⁾		306		784
Total lease cost	$	990	$	2,682

⁽¹⁾ Operating lease costs are recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Includes costs for short-term leases with an initial term of twelve months or less, which were not material.

⁽²⁾ Variable lease costs primarily included common area maintenance, utilities and property taxes and insurance, which were expensed as incurred.

In October 2017, the Company entered into an office sublease agreement with Fiserv Solutions, LLC (“Fiserv”) to lease approximately 33,400 rentable square feet of an office building located in Sunnyvale, California, the Company’s current corporate headquarters. One of the members of the Company’s board of directors is also a current member of Fiserv’s board of directors. Therefore, Fiserv is a related party of the Company. During the three months ended October 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company incurred total lease costs of approximately $0.3 million under this sublease agreement. During the nine months ended October 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company incurred total lease costs of approximately $0.9 million under this sublease agreement. Lease costs for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2019 are included in the table above. This sublease expired at the end of November 2019.

During the third quarter of fiscal 2020, the Company entered into a new sublease agreement with an unrelated third party to lease its current corporate headquarters in Sunnyvale, California through January 2022. The lease commenced on December 1, 2019, and as such, was not recognized on the consolidated balance sheet as of October 31, 2019. The total rental payments associated with this office lease are approximately $3.9 million over the 26 month contractual term.

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases was as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended		Nine Months Ended
	October 31, 2019		October 31, 2019
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows from operating leases	$	534	$	1,587
ROU assets recognized in exchange for new operating lease obligations		1,492		1,612

As of October 31, 2019, maturities of lease liabilities under non-cancelable operating leases were as follows (in thousands):

Fiscal Years Ending January 31,	October 31, 2019
2020 - remainder of fiscal year	$	422
2021		1,616
2022		1,546
2023		915
2024		461
Total lease payments		4,960
Less: imputed interest		(439	)
Present value of lease liabilities	$	4,521

As of January 31, 2019, future minimum rental payments under non-cancelable operating leases were as follows (in thousands):

Fiscal Years Ending January 31,	January 31, 2019
2020	$	1,983
2021		1,408
2022		917
2023		266
2024		49
Total ⁽¹⁾	$	4,623

⁽¹⁾Amounts are based on Topic 840, Leases that was superseded upon the Company’s adoption of Topic 842 on February 1, 2019.

Stockholders' Equity

9 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2019

Equity [Abstract]

Stockholders' Equity

Note 7: Stockholders’ Equity

The Company has a stock-based compensation plan pursuant to which it has granted stock options and RSUs. The Company also maintains its 2015 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “ESPP”) for all eligible employees.

Stock Options. Stock option activity for the nine months ended October 31, 2019 was as follows:

				Weighted Average		Aggregate
	Shares			Exercise Price		Intrinsic Value
	(in thousands)			Per Share		(in thousands)
Balance as of January 31, 2019		1,691		$	6.39	$	14,755
Granted		89		$	15.49
Exercised		(210	)	$	2.12
Canceled		(80	)	$	8.22
Balance as of October 31, 2019		1,490		$	7.44	$	6,595
Vested and exercisable as of October 31, 2019		1,314		$	6.68	$	6,547

The aggregate intrinsic value of vested options exercised during the nine months ended October 31, 2019 and 2018 was $1.9 million and $1.2 million, respectively. The weighted average grant date fair value of options granted during the nine months ended October 31, 2019 and 2018 was $7.13 and $5.28 per share, respectively.

Restricted Stock Units. RSU activity for the nine months ended October 31, 2019 was as follows:

	Shares (in thousands)			Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value Per Share
Balance as of January 31, 2019		1,925		$	10.49
Granted		1,006		$	14.94
Vested		(799	)	$	10.55
Canceled		(164	)	$	12.12
Balance as of October 31, 2019		1,968		$	12.61

Employee Stock Purchase Plan. The ESPP allows eligible employees to purchase shares of common stock at a discount through payroll deductions of up to 15% of their eligible compensation (subject to plan limitations). The ESPP provides for a 24-month offering period comprised of four purchase periods of approximately six months. Employees are able to purchase shares at 85% of the lower of the fair market value of the Company’s common stock as of the first date or the ending date of each six-month offering period. The offering periods are scheduled to start on the first trading day on or after March 15 and September 15 of each year.

During the nine months ended October 31, 2019 and 2018, employees purchased approximately 0.2 million and 0.3 million shares, respectively, at a weighted purchase price of $9.97 and $6.82 per share, respectively.

Stock-Based Compensation

9 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2019

Disclosure Of Compensation Related Costs Sharebased Payments [Abstract]

Stock-Based Compensation

Note 8: Stock-Based Compensation

Total stock-based compensation expense recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of operations was as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	October 31, 2019		October 31, 2018		October 31, 2019		October 31, 2018
Cost of revenue	$	335	$	243	$	964	$	677
Sales and marketing		511		350		1,480		1,065
Research and development		1,153		970		3,487		2,803
General and administrative		1,255		1,095		3,716		3,189
Total stock-based compensation expense	$	3,254	$	2,658	$	9,647	$	7,734

As of October 31, 2019, there was $25.4 million of unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to unvested RSUs, stock options and ESPP purchases that will be recognized on a straight-line basis over the remaining weighted-average vesting period of approximately 3 years.

The fair value of employee stock options and ESPP purchases was estimated using the Black–Scholes model with the following assumptions:

Three and Nine Months Ended

October 31,

2019

October 31,

2018

Stock Options:

Expected volatility

44%

43%

Expected term (in years)

6.1

Risk-free interest rate

2.5%

2.7%

Dividend yield

Three and Nine Months Ended

October 31,

2019

October 31,

2018

ESPP:

Expected volatility

40%-51%

39-56%

Expected term (in years)

0.5-2.0

Risk-free interest rate

1.7%-2.5%

2.0-2.8%

Dividend yield

Income Taxes

9 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2019

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Income Taxes

Note 9: Income Taxes

The Company recorded an income tax benefit of $28,000 and $146,000 during the three months ended October 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $66,000 and $277,000 during the nine months ended October 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. These income tax benefits were primarily associated with the Company’s acquisition of Voxter, Inc. in March 2018. The Company continues to maintain a full valuation allowance against its deferred tax assets.

As of October 31, 2019, the Company had unrecognized tax benefits of $5.6 million, none of which would currently affect the Company's effective tax rate if recognized due to the Company's deferred tax assets being fully offset by a valuation allowance. The Company does not anticipate that the amount of unrecognized tax benefits relating to tax positions existing at October 31, 2019 will significantly increase or decrease within the next twelve months. There was no interest expense or penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits recorded through October 31, 2019.

A number of years may elapse before an uncertain tax position is audited and finally resolved. While it is often difficult to predict the final outcome or the timing of resolution of any particular uncertain tax position, the Company believes that its reserves for income taxes reflect the most likely outcome. The Company adjusts these reserves, as well as the related interest, in light of changing facts and circumstances. Settlement of any particular position could require the use of cash.

Basic and Diluted Net Loss Per Share

9 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2019

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Basic and Diluted Net Loss Per Share

Note 10: Basic and Diluted Net Loss Per Share

Basic and diluted net loss per share is calculated by dividing the net loss by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net loss per share of common stock is the same as basic net loss per share of common stock because the effects of potentially dilutive securities are anti-dilutive as the Company reported net losses for all periods presented.

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net loss per share of common stock (in thousands, except share and per share data):

	Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
	October 31, 2019			October 31, 2018			October 31, 2019			October 31, 2018
Numerator
Net loss	$	(6,784	)	$	(3,494	)	$	(16,507	)	$	(11,083	)
Denominator
Weighted-average common shares		21,274,285			19,962,735			20,872,253			19,655,727
Basic and diluted net loss per share	$	(0.32	)	$	(0.18	)	$	(0.79	)	$	(0.56	)

Gross potentially dilutive securities of approximately 3.5 million and 4.1 million were excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. These shares include the Company’s outstanding RSUs, outstanding stock options and shares to be purchased under the ESPP at the end of the respective period. In the event the Company reported net income for the periods presented, a portion of these outstanding securities would be reflected in weighted-average shares outstanding for diluted earnings per share by application of the treasury method.

Commitments and Contingencies

9 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2019

Commitments And Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Commitments and Contingencies

Note 11: Commitments and Contingencies

Purchase Commitments

As of October 31, 2019 and January 31, 2019, total non-cancelable purchase commitments with the Company’s contract manufacturers and other parties were $5.4 million and $4.2 million, respectively.

Legal Proceedings

In addition to the litigation matters described below, from time to time, the Company may be involved in a variety of other claims, lawsuits, investigations, and proceedings relating to contractual disputes, intellectual property rights, employment matters, regulatory compliance matters, and other litigation matters relating to various claims that arise in the normal course of business. Defending such proceedings is costly and can impose a significant burden on management and employees, the Company may receive unfavorable preliminary or interim rulings in the course of litigation, and there can be no assurances that favorable final outcomes will be obtained.

The Company determines whether an estimated loss from a contingency should be accrued by assessing whether a loss is deemed probable and can be reasonably estimated. The Company assesses its potential liability by analyzing specific litigation and regulatory matters using reasonably available information. The Company develops its views on estimated losses in consultation with inside and outside counsel, which involves a subjective analysis of potential results and outcomes, assuming various combinations of appropriate litigation and settlement strategies. Legal fees are expensed in the period in which they are incurred.

As of October 31, 2019, the Company did not have any material loss contingencies recorded in its consolidated financial statements.

Berks County Litigation

On January 21, 2016, the County of Berks, Pennsylvania filed a lawsuit in the Berks County Court of Common Pleas naming the Company and 113 other telephone service providers as defendants (the “Berks County Litigation”), alleging breach of fiduciary duty, fraud, and negligent misrepresentation in connection with alleged violations of the Pennsylvania 911 Emergency Communication Services Act (“PA 911 Act”) for failure to collect from subscribers and remit certain fees pursuant to the PA 911 Act. The plaintiff seeks a declaratory judgment that the Company must comply with the PA 911 Act, compensatory and punitive damages and such other relief as the court may deem proper. The Company believes that the plaintiff’s claims are without merit since the Company has no employees, property or other indicia of a “substantial nexus” with the State of Pennsylvania. The Company intends to continue vigorously defending against this lawsuit. However, litigation is unpredictable and there can be no assurances that the Company will obtain a favorable final outcome or that it will be able to avoid unfavorable preliminary or interim rulings in the course of litigation that may significantly add to the expense of its defense and could result in substantial costs and diversion of resources.

Based on the Company’s current knowledge, the Company has determined that the amount of any material loss or range of any losses that is reasonably possible to result from the Berks County Litigation is not estimable.

Deep Green Wireless Litigation

On June 8, 2016, plaintiff Deep Green Wireless LLC filed a complaint in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Texas against Ooma, Inc., alleging infringement of U.S. Patent No. RE42,714 (the “Deep Green Wireless Patent”, and such litigation, the “Deep Green Wireless Litigation”). The complaint seeks unspecified monetary damages, costs, attorneys’ fees and other appropriate relief. In February 2017, the Court granted the Company’s motion to transfer the case to the Northern District of California, which proceeding has been stayed pending the outcome of an inter partes review of the Deep Green Wireless Patent by the United States Patent Trial and Appeal Board (“PTAB”). On December 17, 2018, the PTAB issued its final decision regarding the claims at issue in the Deep Green Wireless Litigation, in which it determined that all challenged claims of the ‘714 patent are obvious and unpatentable. On February 19, 2019, the plaintiff filed a Notice of Appeal to the Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. Deep Green Wireless’ opening brief has been filed, as well as the Company’s response brief, and Deep Green Wireless’ reply brief. No date has been set for oral argument. If the Federal Circuit rules in favor of the Company on appeal, we expect the Deep Green Wireless Litigation should be dismissed.

Based on the Company’s current knowledge, and as confirmed by the PTAB’s final decision, the Company has determined that the amount of any material loss or range of any losses that is reasonably possible to result from the Deep Green Wireless Litigation is not estimable.

Oregon Tax Litigation

On August 30, 2016, the Oregon Department of Revenue (the “DOR”) issued tax assessments against the Company for the Oregon Emergency Communications Tax (the “Tax”), which the DOR alleges Ooma should have collected from its subscribers in Oregon and remitted to the DOR during the period between January 1, 2013 and March 31, 2016 (collectively, the “Assessments”).

The Company believes that the Commerce Clause of the United States Constitution bars the application of the Tax and the Assessments to the Company, since the Company has no employees, property or other indicia of a “substantial nexus” with the State of Oregon. On January 17, 2019, the Regular Division of the Oregon Tax Court heard oral arguments on the parties’ cross motions for summary judgment, and no decision has been issued. The Company will continue to vigorously litigate the Complaint in pursuit of the full abatement of the Assessments. However, litigation is unpredictable and there can be no assurances that the Company will obtain a favorable final outcome or that it will be able to avoid further unfavorable interim rulings in the course of litigation that may significantly add to the expense of its defense and could result in substantial costs and diversion of resources.

During fiscal 2019, the Company paid $0.6 million to the State of Oregon in connection with the Oregon Tax Litigation, of which $0.3 million was charged to the consolidated statement of operations as the amount of loss deemed probable and reasonably estimable, and $0.3 million was recorded as a receivable in other current assets on the consolidated balance sheet for interest and penalties that the Company expects will be refunded.

Reid Litigation

On May 23, 2019, plaintiff Valentin Reid filed a putative class action complaint (the “Reid Litigation”) against the Company in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York, alleging violations of the ADA, New York State Human Rights Law, New York State Civil Rights Law, and New York City Human Rights Law. On August 28, 2019, the Company and plaintiff settled the complaint for an immaterial amount and the plaintiff is obligated to dismiss the complaint with prejudice in accordance with the terms of the settlement agreement.

Securities Litigation

On January 14, 2016, Michael Barnett filed a purported stockholder class action in the San Mateo County Superior Court of the State of California (Case No. CIV536959) against the Company, certain of its officers and directors, and certain of the underwriters of the Company’s IPO on July 17, 2015. After the case was consolidated with two other identical lawsuits, a “consolidated complaint” was filed on behalf of all persons who purchased shares of common stock in the Company’s IPO in reliance upon the Registration Statement and Prospectus the Company filed with the SEC. The consolidated complaint alleged that the Company and the other defendants violated the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) by issuing the Registration Statement and Prospectus, which the plaintiffs alleged contained material misstatements and omissions in violation of Sections 11, 12(a)(2) and 15 of the Securities Act.

On May 30, 2019, the parties filed with the Court a Stipulation of Settlement, and on October 18, 2019 the Court entered final approval of the settlement. Under the terms of the settlement, the Company’s directors’ and officers’ liability insurers deposited $8.65 million into a settlement fund for payment to class members, and paid plaintiff’s attorneys’ fees and costs of administering the settlement. The Stipulation of Settlement contains no admissions of wrongdoing, and the Company and the other defendants have maintained and continue to deny liability and wrongdoing of any kind with respect to the class action claims. As part of the final settlement approval, the Court dismissed the class action lawsuit with prejudice and the plaintiff released all claims against the Company and all other defendants relating to the allegations in the class action.

Indemnification

The Company enters into standard indemnification arrangements in the ordinary course of business. Pursuant to these arrangements, the Company indemnifies, holds harmless and agrees to reimburse the indemnified parties for certain losses suffered or incurred by the indemnified party. In some cases, the term of these indemnification agreements is perpetual. The maximum potential amount of future payments the Company could be required to make under these agreements is not determinable because it involves claims that may be made against the Company in the future but have not yet been made.

The Company has entered into indemnification agreements with its directors and officers that may require the Company to indemnify its directors and officers against liabilities that may arise by reason of their status or service as directors or officers, other than liabilities arising from willful misconduct of the individual. The maximum potential amount of future payments the Company could be required to make under these indemnification agreements is unlimited; however, the Company has director and officer insurance coverage that reduces the Company’s exposure and enables the Company to recover a portion of any future amounts paid.

To date the Company has not incurred costs to defend lawsuits or settle claims related to these indemnification agreements. No liability associated with such indemnifications has been recorded to date.

Business Acquisition

9 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2019

Business Combinations [Abstract]

Business Acquisition

Note 12: Business Acquisition

On May 24, 2019, the Company completed its acquisition of Broadsmart Global, Inc. (“Broadsmart”), a provider of cloud-based unified-communications-as-a-service (“UCaaS”) solutions based in Florida. The aggregate fair value consideration transferred for Broadsmart was $7.7 million in cash, of which approximately $0.9 million will be held in escrow for a period of up to two years.

The fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the date of acquisition was as follows (in thousands):

	Fair Value
Cash	$	649
Accounts receivable		1,003
Other current and non-current assets		639
Intangible assets		6,107
Goodwill		366
Accounts payable and other liabilities		(1,043	)
Net assets acquired	$	7,721

Intangible assets acquired consisted of customer relationships of $5.8 million and trade names of $0.3 million. Customer relationships represented the estimated fair values of the underlying relationships with Broadsmart’s customer base and have an estimated useful life of seven years as of the date of acquisition. The goodwill recognized was attributable to the assembled workforce and expanded market opportunities when integrating Broadsmart’s offerings with Ooma Business. The Company made an election under Section 338(h)(10) of the Internal Revenue Code, which resulted in the acquisition being treated as an asset purchase for income tax purposes. Therefore, the transaction did not result in the recording of deferred taxes as the Company's tax basis in the acquired assets equaled its book basis. The resulting goodwill from this acquisition is deductible for U.S. income tax purposes.

The operating results of the acquired company have been included in the Company's consolidated financial statements from the date of acquisition. Actual and pro forma results of operations for the Broadsmart acquisition have not been presented because it did not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated results of operations.

Acquisition-related transaction costs charged to expense during the nine months ended October 31, 2019 were approximately $0.3 million.

Restructuring Charges

9 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2019

Restructuring Charges [Abstract]

Restructuring Charges

Note 13: Restructuring Charges

In October 2019, the Company approved a restructuring plan designed to better align resources around its long-term business strategy. The restructuring provided for the discontinuation of Ooma Smart Cam, given the increased level of competition in the market, accompanied with a small reduction-in-force.

For the three months ended October 31, 2019, the Company recorded aggregate restructuring charges of $3.1 million in its condensed consolidated statement of operations, which consisted of the following major components (in thousands):

	Employee Severance		Excess Inventory and Purchase Commitments ⁽¹⁾		Other Assets ⁽²⁾		Other Charges		Total
Cost of service revenue	$	75	$	—	$	—	$	93	$	168
Cost of product revenue		—		1,375		694		45		2,114
Sales and marketing		170		—		—		5		175
Research and development		475		—		42		111		628
General and administrative		—		—		—		—		—
Total restructuring charges	$	720	$	1,375	$	736	$	254	$	3,085

⁽¹⁾Includes charges for excess Smart Cam product inventory and non-cancelable purchase commitments.

⁽²⁾Includes impairment charges for abandoned intangible assets associated with Smart Cam as well as other long-lived assets.

The following provides a reconciliation of the Company’s restructuring liability, which was recorded as a component of accrued expenses on the condensed consolidated balance sheet (in thousands):


Restructuring liability, July 31, 2019	$	—
Restructuring charges ⁽¹⁾		1,504
Cash paid		—
Restructuring liability, October 31, 2019	$	1,504

⁽¹⁾Includes accrued expenses for employee severance, non-cancelable purchase commitments and other cash-based charges. Asset impairment charges were recorded against the respective assets, including inventory and intangible assets.

The actions associated with the restructuring are expected to be substantially completed in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020, including the pay-out of all restructuring liabilities. The Company does not expect any material adjustments to the aggregate charges recorded.

Overview and Basis of Presentation (Policies)	9 Months Ended
Overview and Basis of Presentation (Policies)	Oct. 31, 2019
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Principles of Presentation and Consolidation	Principles of Presentation and Consolidation These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) and applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) regarding interim financial reporting. Certain information and note disclosures normally included in the financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. Therefore, the information included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended January 31, 2019 (“Annual Report”). These financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the Company’s annual financial statements and, in the opinion of management, reflect all normal recurring adjustments necessary to present fairly the Company’s financial position, its results of operations, and cash flows for the interim periods presented, but are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations to be anticipated for the full fiscal year ending January 31, 2020. The condensed consolidated balance sheet as of January 31, 2019 included herein was derived from the audited financial statements as of that date. The condensed consolidated financial statements include accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated upon consolidation.
Use of Estimates	Use of Estimates. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto. Significant estimates include, but are not limited to, those related to revenue recognition, inventory valuation, valuation of goodwill and intangible assets, deferred sales commissions, operating lease assets and liabilities, regulatory fees and indirect tax accruals, loss contingencies, stock-based compensation, income taxes (including valuation allowances) and fair value measurements. Estimates are based on historical experience, where applicable, and other assumptions believed to be reasonable by management. These estimates are based on information available as of the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements, and assumptions are inherently subjective in nature. Therefore, actual results could differ from management’s estimates.
Comprehensive Loss	Comprehensive Loss. For all periods presented, comprehensive loss approximated net loss in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and differences were not material. Therefore, the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive loss have been omitted.
Recently Adopted Accounting Standards	Recently Adopted Accounting Standards Leases. On February 1, 2019, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) which superseded the guidance in Topic 840 and required the Company to recognize operating leased assets and corresponding liabilities on the balance sheet and to provide enhanced disclosures. The Company adopted Topic 842 using the modified retrospective transition method by applying the new standard to all leases existing at the date of initial adoption and not restating comparative periods. The Company elected the package of practical expedients, which among other things, allowed it to carry forward its historical lease classification and its assessment of whether any existing leases as of the date of adoption are or contain leases. Adoption on February 1, 2019 resulted in the recognition of $4.1 million of operating right-of-use “ROU” assets and $4.3 million of operating lease liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheet, with no adjustment to accumulated deficit. The difference of $0.2 million represented deferred rent for leases that existed as of the date of adoption, which was an offset to the opening balance of ROU assets. Adoption of the new standard did not materially impact the Company’s consolidated statements of operations, consolidated statements of stockholders’ equity and consolidated statements of cash flows. The Company has implemented policies, processes and controls to support the standard's measurement and disclosure requirements. See Significant Accounting Policies – Leases below and Note 6: Operating Leases. Stock-based compensation. The Company adopted ASU 2018-07, Compensation – Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting in the first quarter of fiscal 2020, which expanded the scope of Topic 718 to include and simplify financial reporting for non-employee stock-based payments. Under the amended standard, most of the guidance on stock compensation for non-employees became aligned with the requirements for employees. The adoption of this ASU did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
Significant Accounting Policies - Leases	Significant Accounting Policies – Leases Under Topic 842, the Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception. The Company’s leases primarily consist of real property and are classified as operating leases. The Company does not have any finance leases nor material arrangements as a lessor. ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date based upon the present value of the remaining lease payments over the lease term. The Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. Lease terms may include options to renew or extend when it is reasonably certain that the option will be exercised. Lease agreements that contain both lease and non-lease components are accounted for as a single component. Short-term leases with an initial term of twelve months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet.

Revenue and Deferred Revenue (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2019

Revenue From Contract With Customer [Abstract]

Summary of Revenue Disaggregated by Revenue Source

Revenue disaggregated by revenue source consisted of the following (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	October 31, 2019		October 31, 2018		October 31, 2019		October 31, 2018
Subscription and services revenue	$	36,489	$	29,794	$	102,070	$	85,532
Product and other revenue		3,106		2,814		8,875		8,979
Total revenue	$	39,595	$	32,608	$	110,945	$	94,511

Concentration of Net Accounts Receivable Balance

Customers who represented 10% or more of the Company's net accounts receivable balance were as follows:

	As of
	October 31, 2019			January 31, 2019
Customer A		16	%		—
Customer B		—			15	%

Components of Deferred Revenue

Deferred revenue consisted of the following (in thousands):

	As of
	October 31, 2019		January 31, 2019
Subscription and services	$	16,112	$	15,682
Product and other		83		68
Total deferred revenue		16,195		15,750
Less: current deferred revenue		16,005		15,443
Non-current deferred revenue included in other long-term liabilities	$	190	$	307

Fair Value Measurements (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2019

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Schedule of Financial Assets and Liabilities at Fair Value

The Company’s financial assets that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis by level within the fair value hierarchy were as follows (in thousands):

	Balance as of October 31, 2019						Balance as of January 31, 2019
	Level 1		Level 2		Total		Level 1		Level 2		Total
Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	5,832	$	—	$	5,832	$	5,951	$	—	$	5,951
Commercial paper		—		499		499		—		5,429		5,429
Total cash equivalents	$	5,832	$	499	$	6,331	$	5,951	$	5,429	$	11,380
Cash						5,357						3,990
Total cash and cash equivalents					$	11,688					$	15,370

Short-term investments:
U.S. treasury securities	$	4,477	$	—	$	4,477	$	11,088	$	—	$	11,088
Corporate debt securities		—		3,503		3,503		—		4,735		4,735
Commercial paper		894		5,557		6,451		—		8,253		8,253
U.S. agency securities		—		—		—		—		990		990
Asset-backed securities		—		1,355		1,355		—		2,187		2,187
Total short-term investments	$	5,371	$	10,415	$	15,786	$	11,088	$	16,165	$	27,253

Balance Sheet Components (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2019

Balance Sheet Components [Abstract]

Components of Inventories

The following sections and tables provide details of selected balance sheet items (in thousands):

Inventories

	As of
	October 31, 2019		January 31, 2019
Finished goods	$	6,523	$	7,567
Raw materials		2,961		2,550
Total inventory	$	9,484	$	10,117

Components of Other Assets

Other assets

	As of
	October 31, 2019		January 31, 2019
Prepaid expenses	$	2,281	$	2,681
Deferred sales commissions, current		2,146		1,081
Convertible note receivable ⁽¹⁾		1,417		—
Deferred inventory costs		802		334
Other current assets		1,836		1,354
Total other current assets	$	8,482	$	5,450

Deferred sales commissions, non-current	$	6,351	$	3,387
Convertible note receivable ⁽¹⁾		—		1,315
Other non-current assets		1,188		677
Total other non-current assets	$	7,539	$	5,379

⁽¹⁾Convertible note receivable from Global Telecomm Corporation was reclassified from non-current assets to current assets as of July 31, 2019.

Components of Accrued Expenses

Accrued expenses

	As of
	October 31, 2019		January 31, 2019
Payroll and related expenses	$	8,259	$	7,926
Regulatory fees and taxes		4,510		5,645
Short-term operating lease liabilities ⁽¹⁾		1,629		—
Customer sales incentives		1,507		970
Other		5,811		4,507
Total accrued expenses	$	21,716	$	19,048

⁽¹⁾The Company adopted Topic 842, the new accounting standard for leasing arrangements on February 1, 2019. See Note 6: Operating Leases below.

Acquired Intangible Assets and Goodwill (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2019

Intangible Assets Net Excluding Goodwill [Abstract]

Schedule of Carrying Value of Intangible Assets Other than Goodwill

The gross value, accumulated amortization and carrying values of intangible assets were as follows (in thousands):

	As of October 31, 2019							As of January 31, 2019
	Gross Value		Accumulated Amortization			Carrying Value		Gross Value		Accumulated Amortization			Carrying Value
Customer relationships	$	6,735	$	(640	)	$	6,095	$	902	$	(157	)	$	745
Developed technology		2,122		(1,451	)		671		2,716		(1,121	)		1,595
Trade names		625		(247	)		378		451		(166	)		285
Patents and licenses		714		(709	)		5		714		(704	)		10
Total intangible assets	$	10,196	$	(3,047	)	$	7,149	$	4,783	$	(2,148	)	$	2,635

Schedule of Estimated Future Amortization Expense

At October 31, 2019, the estimated future amortization expense for intangible assets was as follows (in thousands):

Fiscal Years Ending January 31,	Total
2020 - remainder of fiscal year	$	328
2021		1,308
2022		1,305
2023		1,305
2024		940
2025 and thereafter		1,963
Total	$	7,149

Operating Leases (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2019

Leases [Abstract]

Summary of Supplemental Balance Sheet Information Related to Leases

Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases was as follows (in thousands):

	As of
	October 31, 2019
Assets
Operating lease ROU assets	$	4,341
Total leased assets	$	4,341

Liabilities
Short-term operating lease liabilities	$	1,629
Long-term operating lease liabilities		2,892
Total lease liabilities	$	4,521

Weighted-average remaining lease term	3.2 years
Weighted-average discount rate		5.75	%

Components of Lease Expense

The components of lease expense were as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended		Nine Months Ended
	October 31, 2019		October 31, 2019
Operating lease costs ⁽¹⁾	$	684	$	1,898
Variable lease costs ⁽²⁾		306		784
Total lease cost	$	990	$	2,682

⁽²⁾ Variable lease costs primarily included common area maintenance, utilities and property taxes and insurance, which were expensed as incurred.

Summary of Supplemental Cash Flow Information Related to Leases

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases was as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended		Nine Months Ended
	October 31, 2019		October 31, 2019
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows from operating leases	$	534	$	1,587
ROU assets recognized in exchange for new operating lease obligations		1,492		1,612

Summary of Maturities of Lease Liabilities Under Non-cancelable Operating Leases

As of October 31, 2019, maturities of lease liabilities under non-cancelable operating leases were as follows (in thousands):

Fiscal Years Ending January 31,	October 31, 2019
2020 - remainder of fiscal year	$	422
2021		1,616
2022		1,546
2023		915
2024		461
Total lease payments		4,960
Less: imputed interest		(439	)
Present value of lease liabilities	$	4,521

Minimum Rental Payments Under Non-Cancelable Operating Leases

As of January 31, 2019, future minimum rental payments under non-cancelable operating leases were as follows (in thousands):

Fiscal Years Ending January 31,	January 31, 2019
2020	$	1,983
2021		1,408
2022		917
2023		266
2024		49
Total ⁽¹⁾	$	4,623

⁽¹⁾Amounts are based on Topic 840, Leases that was superseded upon the Company’s adoption of Topic 842 on February 1, 2019.

Stockholders' Equity (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2019

Equity [Abstract]

Summarizes of Stock Option Activities

Stock option activity for the nine months ended October 31, 2019 was as follows:

				Weighted Average		Aggregate
	Shares			Exercise Price		Intrinsic Value
	(in thousands)			Per Share		(in thousands)
Balance as of January 31, 2019		1,691		$	6.39	$	14,755
Granted		89		$	15.49
Exercised		(210	)	$	2.12
Canceled		(80	)	$	8.22
Balance as of October 31, 2019		1,490		$	7.44	$	6,595
Vested and exercisable as of October 31, 2019		1,314		$	6.68	$	6,547

Summarizes of Restricted Stock Units Activities

RSU activity for the nine months ended October 31, 2019 was as follows:

	Shares (in thousands)			Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value Per Share
Balance as of January 31, 2019		1,925		$	10.49
Granted		1,006		$	14.94
Vested		(799	)	$	10.55
Canceled		(164	)	$	12.12
Balance as of October 31, 2019		1,968		$	12.61

Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2019

Disclosure Of Compensation Related Costs Sharebased Payments [Abstract]

Total Stock-Based Compensation Expense Recognized in Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations

Total stock-based compensation expense recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of operations was as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	October 31, 2019		October 31, 2018		October 31, 2019		October 31, 2018
Cost of revenue	$	335	$	243	$	964	$	677
Sales and marketing		511		350		1,480		1,065
Research and development		1,153		970		3,487		2,803
General and administrative		1,255		1,095		3,716		3,189
Total stock-based compensation expense	$	3,254	$	2,658	$	9,647	$	7,734

Summary of Assumptions Used to Estimate Fair Value of Employee Stock Options Grants and Employee Stock Purchase Plan Using Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model

The fair value of employee stock options and ESPP purchases was estimated using the Black–Scholes model with the following assumptions:

Three and Nine Months Ended

October 31,

2019

October 31,

2018

Stock Options:

Expected volatility

44%

43%

Expected term (in years)

6.1

Risk-free interest rate

2.5%

2.7%

Dividend yield

Three and Nine Months Ended

October 31,

2019

October 31,

2018

ESPP:

Expected volatility

40%-51%

39-56%

Expected term (in years)

0.5-2.0

Risk-free interest rate

1.7%-2.5%

2.0-2.8%

Dividend yield

Basic and Diluted Net Loss Per Share (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2019

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Computation of Basic and Diluted Net Loss Per Share of Common Stock

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net loss per share of common stock (in thousands, except share and per share data):

	Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
	October 31, 2019			October 31, 2018			October 31, 2019			October 31, 2018
Numerator
Net loss	$	(6,784	)	$	(3,494	)	$	(16,507	)	$	(11,083	)
Denominator
Weighted-average common shares		21,274,285			19,962,735			20,872,253			19,655,727
Basic and diluted net loss per share	$	(0.32	)	$	(0.18	)	$	(0.79	)	$	(0.56	)

Business Acquisition (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2019

Broadsmart Global, Inc.

Business Acquisition [Line Items]

Summary of Fair Values of Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed

The fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the date of acquisition was as follows (in thousands):

	Fair Value
Cash	$	649
Accounts receivable		1,003
Other current and non-current assets		639
Intangible assets		6,107
Goodwill		366
Accounts payable and other liabilities		(1,043	)
Net assets acquired	$	7,721

Restructuring Charges (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2019

Restructuring Charges [Abstract]

Summary of Aggregate Restructuring Charges

	Employee Severance		Excess Inventory and Purchase Commitments ⁽¹⁾		Other Assets ⁽²⁾		Other Charges		Total
Cost of service revenue	$	75	$	—	$	—	$	93	$	168
Cost of product revenue		—		1,375		694		45		2,114
Sales and marketing		170		—		—		5		175
Research and development		475		—		42		111		628
General and administrative		—		—		—		—		—
Total restructuring charges	$	720	$	1,375	$	736	$	254	$	3,085

⁽¹⁾Includes charges for excess Smart Cam product inventory and non-cancelable purchase commitments.

⁽²⁾Includes impairment charges for abandoned intangible assets associated with Smart Cam as well as other long-lived assets.

Summary of Reconciliation of Restructuring Liability

The following provides a reconciliation of the Company’s restructuring liability, which was recorded as a component of accrued expenses on the condensed consolidated balance sheet (in thousands):


Restructuring liability, July 31, 2019	$	—
Restructuring charges ⁽¹⁾		1,504
Cash paid		—
Restructuring liability, October 31, 2019	$	1,504

Overview and Basis of Presentation - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($)	Feb. 01, 2019	Oct. 31, 2019
Stockholders Equity Note Disclosure [Line Items]
Operating lease right-of-use assets		$ 4,341,000
Operating lease liabilities		$ 4,521,000
Accounting Standards Update 2016-02
Stockholders Equity Note Disclosure [Line Items]
Operating lease right-of-use assets	$ 4,100,000
Operating lease liabilities	4,300,000
Adjustment to accumulated deficit	0
Deferred rent for leases	$ 200,000

Revenue and Deferred Revenue - Additional Information (Details) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2019 USD ($) Country Customer	Oct. 31, 2018 Country Customer	Oct. 31, 2019 USD ($) Source Country Customer	Oct. 31, 2018 Country Customer
Disaggregation Of Revenue [Line Items]
Number of sources of revenue \| Source			2
Number of countries outside United States represented 10% or more of total revenue \| Country	0	0	0	0
Number of customers that individually exceeded 10% of revenue \| Customer	0	0	0	0
Deferred revenue recognized \| $	$ 2.3		$ 14.1
Ooma Residential \| Revenue
Disaggregation Of Revenue [Line Items]
Concentration risk, percentage	55.00%	67.00%	59.00%	69.00%
Ooma Business \| Revenue
Disaggregation Of Revenue [Line Items]
Concentration risk, percentage	42.00%	30.00%	38.00%	27.00%

Revenue and Deferred Revenue - Summary of Revenue Disaggregated by Revenue Source (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2019	Oct. 31, 2018	Oct. 31, 2019	Oct. 31, 2018
Disaggregation Of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue	$ 39,595	$ 32,608	$ 110,945	$ 94,511
Subscription and services revenue
Disaggregation Of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue	36,489	29,794	102,070	85,532
Product and other revenue
Disaggregation Of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue	$ 3,106	$ 2,814	$ 8,875	$ 8,979

Revenue and Deferred Revenue - Concentration of Net Accounts Receivable Balance (Details) - Accounts Receivable - Customer Concentration Risk	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2019	Jan. 31, 2019
Customer A
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Concentration risk, percentage	16.00%
Customer B
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Concentration risk, percentage		15.00%

Revenue and Deferred Revenue - Components of Deferred Revenue (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Oct. 31, 2019	Jan. 31, 2019
Deferred Revenue Arrangement [Line Items]
Deferred revenue	$ 16,195	$ 15,750
Less: current deferred revenue	16,005	15,443
Non-current deferred revenue included in other long-term liabilities	190	307
Subscription and Services
Deferred Revenue Arrangement [Line Items]
Deferred revenue	16,112	15,682
Product and Other
Deferred Revenue Arrangement [Line Items]
Deferred revenue	$ 83	$ 68

Revenue and Deferred Revenue - Additional Information (Details 1) $ in Millions	Oct. 31, 2019 USD ($)
Revenue From Contract With Customer [Abstract]
Revenue expected to be recognized from remaining performance obligations	$ 0.2

Fair Value Measurements - Schedule of Financial Assets at Fair Value (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Oct. 31, 2019	Jan. 31, 2019
Assets:
Total cash and cash equivalents	$ 11,688	$ 15,370
Total short-term investments	15,786	27,253
Commercial Paper
Assets:
Total short-term investments	6,451	8,253
Corporate Debt Securities
Assets:
Total short-term investments	3,503	4,735
U.S. Treasury Securities
Assets:
Total short-term investments	4,477	11,088
U.S. Agency Securities
Assets:
Total short-term investments		990
Asset-backed Securities
Assets:
Total short-term investments	1,355	2,187
Level 1
Assets:
Total short-term investments	5,371	11,088
Level 1 \| Commercial Paper
Assets:
Total short-term investments	894
Level 1 \| U.S. Treasury Securities
Assets:
Total short-term investments	4,477	11,088
Level 2
Assets:
Total short-term investments	10,415	16,165
Level 2 \| Commercial Paper
Assets:
Total short-term investments	5,557	8,253
Level 2 \| Corporate Debt Securities
Assets:
Total short-term investments	3,503	4,735
Level 2 \| U.S. Agency Securities
Assets:
Total short-term investments		990
Level 2 \| Asset-backed Securities
Assets:
Total short-term investments	1,355	2,187
Cash Equivalents
Assets:
Total cash and cash equivalents	6,331	11,380
Cash Equivalents \| Commercial Paper
Assets:
Total cash and cash equivalents	499	5,429
Cash Equivalents \| Money Market Funds
Assets:
Total cash and cash equivalents	5,832	5,951
Cash Equivalents \| Level 1
Assets:
Total cash and cash equivalents	5,832	5,951
Cash Equivalents \| Level 1 \| Money Market Funds
Assets:
Total cash and cash equivalents	5,832	5,951
Cash Equivalents \| Level 2
Assets:
Total cash and cash equivalents	499	5,429
Cash Equivalents \| Level 2 \| Commercial Paper
Assets:
Total cash and cash equivalents	499	5,429
Cash
Assets:
Total cash and cash equivalents	$ 5,357	$ 3,990

Fair Value Measurements - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($)	9 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2019	Jan. 31, 2019
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]
Investments other-than-temporarily impaired	$ 0
Fair value material level asset and liability	0	$ 0
Financial assets, level 2 to level 1 transfers, amount	0	0
Financial assets, level 1 to level 2 transfers, amount	$ 0	$ 0

Balance Sheet Components - Components of Inventories (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Oct. 31, 2019	Jan. 31, 2019
Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]
Finished goods	$ 6,523	$ 7,567
Raw materials	2,961	2,550
Total inventory	$ 9,484	$ 10,117

Balance Sheet Components - Components of Other Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Oct. 31, 2019	Jan. 31, 2019
Other Assets [Abstract]
Prepaid expenses	$ 2,281	$ 2,681
Deferred sales commissions, current	2,146	1,081
Convertible note receivable	1,417
Deferred inventory costs	802	334
Other current assets	1,836	1,354
Total other current assets	8,482	5,450
Deferred sales commissions, non-current	6,351	3,387
Convertible note receivable		1,315
Other non-current assets	1,188	677
Total other non-current assets	$ 7,539	$ 5,379

Balance Sheet Components - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($)	1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Oct. 31, 2019	Oct. 31, 2018	Oct. 31, 2019	Oct. 31, 2018	Jan. 31, 2019
Balance Sheet Components [Line Items]
Amortization expense for deferred sales commissions		$ 600,000	$ 200,000	$ 1,400,000	$ 400,000
Impairment loss in relation to deferred commission costs capitalized				0
Non-cancelable purchase commitments		5,400,000		5,400,000		$ 4,200,000
Global Telecomm Corporation
Balance Sheet Components [Line Items]
Procured raw material from related party		500,000		900,000
Prepaid inventory deposits		500,000		500,000		0
Non-cancelable purchase commitments		$ 2,200,000		$ 2,200,000		$ 0
Global Telecomm Corporation \| Convertible Promissory Note
Balance Sheet Components [Line Items]
Investment in privately-held company	$ 1,300,000
Convertible promissory note, maturity period	18 months
Convertible promissory note, interest rate	10.00%
Customer relationships
Balance Sheet Components [Line Items]
Estimated life (in years)				5 years

Balance Sheet Components - Components of Accrued Expenses (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Oct. 31, 2019	Jan. 31, 2019
Payables And Accruals [Abstract]
Payroll and related expenses	$ 8,259	$ 7,926
Regulatory fees and taxes	4,510	5,645
Short-term operating lease liabilities	1,629
Customer sales incentives	1,507	970
Other	5,811	4,507
Total accrued expenses	$ 21,716	$ 19,048

Acquired Intangible Assets and Goodwill - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	May 31, 2019	Oct. 31, 2019	Oct. 31, 2019	Oct. 31, 2018	Jan. 31, 2019
Finite Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Goodwill		$ 4,264	$ 4,264		$ 3,898
Amortization expense			$ 900	$ 540
Product
Finite Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Impairment charges		$ 700
Broadsmart Global, Inc.
Finite Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Intangible assets recognized from acquisition	$ 6,100
Goodwill recognized from acquisition	$ 400

Acquired Intangible Assets and Goodwill - Summary of Carrying Values of Intangible Assets Other than Goodwill (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Oct. 31, 2019	Jan. 31, 2019
Finite Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Value, Intangible Assets	$ 10,196	$ 4,783
Accumulated Amortization, Intangible Assets	(3,047)	(2,148)
Carrying Value, Intangible Assets	7,149	2,635
Customer relationships
Finite Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Value, Intangible Assets	6,735	902
Accumulated Amortization, Intangible Assets	(640)	(157)
Carrying Value, Intangible Assets	6,095	745
Developed technology
Finite Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Value, Intangible Assets	2,122	2,716
Accumulated Amortization, Intangible Assets	(1,451)	(1,121)
Carrying Value, Intangible Assets	671	1,595
Trade names
Finite Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Value, Intangible Assets	625	451
Accumulated Amortization, Intangible Assets	(247)	(166)
Carrying Value, Intangible Assets	378	285
Patents and licenses
Finite Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Value, Intangible Assets	714	714
Accumulated Amortization, Intangible Assets	(709)	(704)
Carrying Value, Intangible Assets	$ 5	$ 10

Acquired Intangible Assets and Goodwill - Schedule of Estimated Future Amortization Expense for Intangible Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Oct. 31, 2019	Jan. 31, 2019
Goodwill And Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
2020 - remainder of fiscal year	$ 328
2021	1,308
2022	1,305
2023	1,305
2024	940
2025 and thereafter	1,963
Carrying Value, Intangible Assets	$ 7,149	$ 2,635

Operating Leases - Additional Information (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2019 USD ($)	Oct. 31, 2018 USD ($)	Oct. 31, 2019 USD ($)	Oct. 31, 2018 USD ($)	Oct. 31, 2017 ft²
Lessee Lease Description [Line Items]
Operating lease, description			The Company leases its headquarters located in Sunnyvale, California, as well as office and data center space in various locations under non-cancelable operating lease agreements, with expiration dates between fiscal years 2020 and 2024.
Operating lease, expiration date beginning period			2020
Operating lease, expiration date ending period			2024
Sublease rental payments	$ 4,960		$ 4,960
Unrelated Third Party
Lessee Lease Description [Line Items]
Sublease rental payments	$ 3,900		$ 3,900
Office lease contractual term	26 months		26 months
Sublease commencement date	Dec. 01, 2019
Fiserv Solutions, LLC
Lessee Lease Description [Line Items]
Lease rentable space of office building \| ft²					33,400
Sublease cost	$ 300	$ 300	$ 900	$ 900
Sublease expiration date			2019-11

Operating Leases - Summary of Supplemental Balance Sheet Information Related to Leases (Details) $ in Thousands	Oct. 31, 2019 USD ($)
Assets
Operating lease ROU assets	$ 4,341
Total leased assets	4,341
Liabilities
Short-term operating lease liabilities	1,629
Long-term operating lease liabilities	2,892
Total lease liabilities	$ 4,521
Weighted-average remaining lease term	3 years 2 months 12 days
Weighted-average discount rate	5.75%

Operating Leases - Components of Lease Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2019	Oct. 31, 2019
Lease Cost [Abstract]
Operating lease costs	$ 684	$ 1,898
Variable lease costs	306	784
Total lease cost	$ 990	$ 2,682

Operating Leases - Summary of Supplemental Cash Flow Information Related to Leases (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2019	Oct. 31, 2019
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows from operating leases	$ 534	$ 1,587
ROU assets recognized in exchange for new operating lease obligations	$ 1,492	$ 1,612

Operating Leases - Summary of Maturities of Lease Liabilities Under Non-cancelable Operating Leases (Details) $ in Thousands	Oct. 31, 2019 USD ($)
Operating Lease Liabilities Payments Due [Abstract]
2020 - remainder of fiscal year	$ 422
2021	1,616
2022	1,546
2023	915
2024	461
Total lease payments	4,960
Less: imputed interest	(439)
Present value of lease liabilities	$ 4,521

Operating Leases - Minimum Rental Payments under Non-Cancelable Operating Leases (Details) $ in Thousands	Jan. 31, 2019 USD ($)
Lease Cost [Abstract]
2020	$ 1,983
2021	1,408
2022	917
2023	266
2024	49
Total	$ 4,623

Stockholders' Equity - Summarizes of Stock Option Activities (Details) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2019 USD ($) $ / shares shares
Number of Shares
Shares, Beginning balance \| shares	1,691
Shares, Granted \| shares	89
Shares, Exercised \| shares	(210)
Shares, Canceled \| shares	(80)
Shares, Ending balance \| shares	1,490
Shares, Vested and exercisable \| shares	1,314
Weighted Average Exercise Price Per Share
Weighted Average Exercise Price Per Share, Beginning balance \| $ / shares	$ 6.39
Weighted Average Exercise Price Per Share, Granted \| $ / shares	15.49
Weighted Average Exercise Price Per Share, Exercised \| $ / shares	2.12
Weighted Average Exercise Price Per Share, Canceled \| $ / shares	8.22
Weighted Average Exercise Price Per Share, Ending balance \| $ / shares	7.44
Weighted Average Exercise Price Per Share, Vested and exercisable \| $ / shares	$ 6.68
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Beginning balance \| $	$ 14,755
Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Ending balance \| $	6,595
Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Vested and exercisable \| $	$ 6,547

Stockholders' Equity - Additional Information (Details) $ / shares in Units, shares in Millions, $ in Millions	9 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2019 USD ($) Peroid $ / shares shares	Oct. 31, 2018 USD ($) $ / shares shares
ESPP
Stockholders Equity Note Disclosure [Line Items]
Percentage of eligible compensation subject to plan limitation	15.00%
Employee stock purchase plan offering period	24 months
Number of purchase periods \| Peroid	4
Purchase periods	6 months
Purchase price of common stock as percentage of fair market value	85.00%
Number of shares of common stock issued under ESPP \| shares	0.2	0.3
Weighted purchase price of shares of common stock under ESPP	$ 9.97	$ 6.82
Stock Options
Stockholders Equity Note Disclosure [Line Items]
Aggregate intrinsic value of vested options exercised \| $	$ 1.9	$ 1.2
Weighted-average grant date fair value of options granted	$ 7.13	$ 5.28

Stockholders' Equity - Summarizes of Restricted Stock Units Activities (Details) - Restricted Stock Units (RSUs)	9 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2019 $ / shares shares
Number of Shares
Shares, RSUs Beginning Balance \| shares	1,925
Shares, Granted \| shares	1,006
Shares, Vested \| shares	(799)
Shares, Canceled \| shares	(164)
Shares, RSUs Ending Balance \| shares	1,968
Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value Per Share
Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value Per Share, Beginning Balance \| $ / shares	$ 10.49
Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value Per Share, Granted \| $ / shares	14.94
Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value Per Share, Vested \| $ / shares	10.55
Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value Per Share, Canceled \| $ / shares	12.12
Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value Per Share, Ending Balance \| $ / shares	$ 12.61

Stock-Based Compensation - Total Stock-Based Compensation Expense Recognized in Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2019	Oct. 31, 2018	Oct. 31, 2019	Oct. 31, 2018
Employee Service Share Based Compensation Allocation Of Recognized Period Costs [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation	$ 3,254	$ 2,658	$ 9,647	$ 7,734
Cost of revenue
Employee Service Share Based Compensation Allocation Of Recognized Period Costs [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation	335	243	964	677
Sales and marketing
Employee Service Share Based Compensation Allocation Of Recognized Period Costs [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation	511	350	1,480	1,065
Research and development
Employee Service Share Based Compensation Allocation Of Recognized Period Costs [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation	1,153	970	3,487	2,803
General and administrative
Employee Service Share Based Compensation Allocation Of Recognized Period Costs [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation	$ 1,255	$ 1,095	$ 3,716	$ 3,189

Stock-Based Compensation - Additional Information (Details) $ in Millions	9 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2019 USD ($)
Stock Options
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Unrecognized share-based compensation expense related to unvested stock option grants	$ 25.4
Stock-based compensation expenses recognized on straight line basis offering period	3 years
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs)
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Unrecognized share-based compensation expense related to unvested stock option grants	$ 25.4
Stock-based compensation expenses recognized on straight line basis offering period	3 years
ESPP
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Unrecognized share-based compensation expense related to unvested stock option grants	$ 25.4
Stock-based compensation expenses recognized on straight line basis offering period	3 years

Stock-Based Compensation - Assumptions Used to Estimate Fair Value of Employee Stock Options Grants and Employee Stock Purchase Plan Using Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model (Details)	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2019	Oct. 31, 2018	Oct. 31, 2019	Oct. 31, 2018
ESPP
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected volatility, minimum	40.00%	39.00%	40.00%	39.00%
Expected volatility, maximum	51.00%	56.00%	51.00%	56.00%
Risk-free interest rate, minimum	1.70%	2.00%	1.70%	2.00%
Risk-free interest rate, maximum	2.50%	2.80%	2.50%	2.80%
ESPP \| Minimum
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected term (in years)	6 months	6 months	6 months	6 months
ESPP \| Maximum
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected term (in years)	2 years	2 years	2 years	2 years
Stock Options
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected volatility	44.00%	43.00%	44.00%	43.00%
Expected term (in years)	6 years 1 month 6 days	6 years 1 month 6 days	6 years 1 month 6 days	6 years 1 month 6 days
Risk-free interest rate	2.50%	2.70%	2.50%	2.70%

Income Taxes - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2019	Oct. 31, 2018	Oct. 31, 2019	Oct. 31, 2018
Income Tax [Line Items]
Income tax benefit	$ 28,000	$ 146,000	$ 66,000	$ 277,000
Unrecognized tax benefits	5,600,000		5,600,000
Interest expense or penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits			0
Voxter Communications Inc.
Income Tax [Line Items]
Income tax benefit	$ 28,000	$ 146,000	$ 66,000	$ 277,000

Basic and Diluted Net Loss Per Share - Computation of Basic and Diluted Net Loss Per Share of Common Stock (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended						9 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2019	Jul. 31, 2019	Apr. 30, 2019	Oct. 31, 2018	Jul. 31, 2018	Apr. 30, 2018	Oct. 31, 2019	Oct. 31, 2018
Numerator
Net loss	$ (6,784)	$ (4,983)	$ (4,740)	$ (3,494)	$ (3,904)	$ (3,685)	$ (16,507)	$ (11,083)
Denominator
Weighted-average common shares	21,274,285			19,962,735			20,872,253	19,655,727
Basic and diluted net loss per share	$ (0.32)			$ (0.18)			$ (0.79)	$ (0.56)

- Definition

The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.

+ References + Details

Basic and Diluted Net Loss Per Share - Additional Information (Details) - shares shares in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2019	Oct. 31, 2018	Oct. 31, 2019	Oct. 31, 2018
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Gross potentially dilutive securities excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share	3.5	3.5	4.1	4.1

Commitments and Contingencies - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Jan. 31, 2019	Oct. 31, 2019	May 30, 2019
Commitments And Contingencies Disclosure [Line Items]
Non-cancelable purchase commitments	$ 4,200,000	$ 5,400,000
Loss contingencies		$ 0
Tax litigation amount	600,000
Cumulative charges of litigation loss	300,000
Settlement fund for payment to class members			$ 8,650,000
Other current assets
Commitments And Contingencies Disclosure [Line Items]
Amount of receivables in other current assets	$ 300,000

Business Acquisition - Additional Information (Details) - Broadsmart Global, Inc. - USD ($) $ in Thousands		9 Months Ended
	May 24, 2019	Oct. 31, 2019
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Aggregate fair value consideration transferred	$ 7,700
Cash held in escrow	900
Intangible assets	6,107
Acquisition-related transaction costs		$ 300
Customer relationships
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Intangible assets	$ 5,800
Estimated useful life of intangible assets	7 years
Trade names
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Intangible assets	$ 300
Maximum
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Escrow deposit period	2 years

Business Acquisition - Summary of Fair Values of Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed (Details) - Broadsmart Global, Inc. $ in Thousands	May 24, 2019 USD ($)
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Cash	$ 649
Accounts receivable	1,003
Other current and non-current assets	639
Intangible assets	6,107
Goodwill	366
Accounts payable and other liabilities	(1,043)
Net assets acquired	$ 7,721

Restructuring Charges - Additional Information (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2019 USD ($)
Restructuring Charges [Abstract]
Aggregate restructuring charges	$ 3,085

Restructuring Charges - Summary of Aggregate Restructuring Charges (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2019 USD ($)
Restructuring Cost And Reserve [Line Items]
Total restructuring charges	$ 3,085
Sales and marketing
Restructuring Cost And Reserve [Line Items]
Total restructuring charges	175
Research and development
Restructuring Cost And Reserve [Line Items]
Total restructuring charges	628
Employee Severance
Restructuring Cost And Reserve [Line Items]
Total restructuring charges	720
Employee Severance \| Sales and marketing
Restructuring Cost And Reserve [Line Items]
Total restructuring charges	170
Employee Severance \| Research and development
Restructuring Cost And Reserve [Line Items]
Total restructuring charges	475
Excess Inventory and Purchase Commitments
Restructuring Cost And Reserve [Line Items]
Total restructuring charges	1,375
Other Assets Restructuring Charges
Restructuring Cost And Reserve [Line Items]
Total restructuring charges	736
Other Assets Restructuring Charges \| Research and development
Restructuring Cost And Reserve [Line Items]
Total restructuring charges	42
Other Charges
Restructuring Cost And Reserve [Line Items]
Total restructuring charges	254
Other Charges \| Sales and marketing
Restructuring Cost And Reserve [Line Items]
Total restructuring charges	5
Other Charges \| Research and development
Restructuring Cost And Reserve [Line Items]
Total restructuring charges	111
Service \| Cost of revenue
Restructuring Cost And Reserve [Line Items]
Total restructuring charges	168
Service \| Employee Severance \| Cost of revenue
Restructuring Cost And Reserve [Line Items]
Total restructuring charges	75
Service \| Other Charges \| Cost of revenue
Restructuring Cost And Reserve [Line Items]
Total restructuring charges	93
Product \| Cost of revenue
Restructuring Cost And Reserve [Line Items]
Total restructuring charges	2,114
Product \| Excess Inventory and Purchase Commitments \| Cost of revenue
Restructuring Cost And Reserve [Line Items]
Total restructuring charges	1,375
Product \| Other Assets Restructuring Charges \| Cost of revenue
Restructuring Cost And Reserve [Line Items]
Total restructuring charges	694
Product \| Other Charges \| Cost of revenue
Restructuring Cost And Reserve [Line Items]
Total restructuring charges	$ 45

Restructuring Charges - Summary of Reconciliation of Restructuring Liability (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2019 USD ($)
Restructuring Cost And Reserve [Line Items]
Total restructuring charges	$ 3,085
Accrued Expenses
Restructuring Cost And Reserve [Line Items]
Total restructuring charges	1,504
Restructuring liability	$ 1,504